Aeroplane.



D. G. TERZIAN.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1912.

1,035,660; Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

J Inventor izZi/azJZ/zzhz Attorneys chine in diagram. Fig. 3 is a plan view, the

. is the propeller shaft 2, said shaft being "shown.

can start it by rotating the wheel 4. Here- DICKRAN G. TERZIAN, OFVWASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 1, 1912.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912'.

Serial No. 701,061.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DICKRAN G. TERZTAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at city of \Vashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented-a new and useful Aeroplane, of which the following. is a specification.

This. invention relates to aeroplanes, one of its objects being to provide a novel arrangement of sustaining planes whereby danger of capsizing, when subjected to sudden unexpected gusts of wind, is reduced to the minimum.

Another object is to provide improved means whereby the motor, should it become stalled while the machine is in flight, can be easily started by the aviator.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of tbeinvention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accom anying drawings the preferred form of t einvention has been shown.

In said drawings :-Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, showing the maframes of the upper sustaining planes being Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the relative positions of the planes of each pair.

Referring to the figures by characters of reference 1 designates the frame of the machine and arranged longitudinally within the center of the ont portion of this frame provided at its front end with a propeller 3 and at its rear end with a hand wheel 4 or the like. The motor shaft has been indicated at 5 and motion is adapted to be transmitted therefrom to the shaft 2 by means of a chain 6 and sprockets 7 although it is to be understood that any other suitable power transmitting means may be employed if desired.

By arranging the shafts in the manner herein described and by providing the wheel 4 it will be seen that, should the motor stop, while the machine is in flight, the aviator tofore, in starting the motors of aeroplanes and the like it has been necessary for one or more persons to grasp the propeller andv rotate it until the motor starts. This has, obuiously, been impossible while the machine is in flight and no means has thus far been devised for starting the motor under these conditions. By utilizing the wheel. 4,

which is in convenient reach of the aviator, itv will be seen that the shaft 2 and the shaft ;5 can be actuated so as to start motor while .the machine is in flight.

For the purpose of sustaining the maand 11 are connected to the rear portion of the frame 1 in any manner desired. The planes8, 9, 10 and 11 are disposed in staggered relation, plane 8 being extended fromthe top of the frame 1 beyond one side of 'said frame, while the lower plane 9 is extended from the lower portion of the frame .1 and beyond the other side of said frame.

Those portions of the planes 8 and 9 which are connected to the frame 1 lap, as shown particularly in Figs. 2 and 4, although spaced apart to form an air passage there- ,between and, as shown in Fig. 2, the said:

planes preferably incline outwardly and upwardly. .Guy wires such as indicated by dotted lines at 12 in Fig. 2 are preferably extended from the tips of the planes 8 and 9 to portions of the frame 1 so as thus to hold the planes against displacement relativeto the'frame.

The rear sustaining planes 10 and 11 are preferably about two thirds of the size of the planes' 8 and 9 and the upper plane 10 is extended laterally beyond one side of the frame 1 while the lower plane 11 is extended laterally beyond the other side thereof. The lower plane 9 and the upper plane 10 are located at the same side of the machine while the upper plane 8 and the lower plane 11 are located at the other side of the ma chine. Planes 10 and 11 are spaced apart at their inner or lapping ends so as to form an air passage similar to that formed between the lapping portions of the planes 8 and 9. Planes 10 and 11 are also preferably inclined laterally and upwardly and may be provided with any suitable braces, not shown.

Any suitable steering means may be used, a rudder being shown generally at 12.

It will be apparent that, while the machine is in flight, the sustaining wings 8 and.

planes have been more or less equalized and danger of capsizing has thus been reduced to the minimum. This is due, to an extent, to the fact that there is a clear air s ace between the lapping'portions of the p anes of each pair and through which air currents are free to pass without having any mate rial effect upon the planes. This arrangement of vents for the air is particularly desirable where the machine is subjected to sudden side gusts which, ordinarily, would tend to destroy the lateral balance of the machine. By disposing the rear planes oppositely to the front planes, the said planes will work in opposition so that any undesirable effect produced by gusts of wind upon one pair of planes will be offset by the beneficial results obtained through the action of the air currents upon the other set of planes. Where a continuous sustaining plane extending from one side to the other of a machine is employed, a gust of wind against the lower or upper surface thereof tends violently to raise or lower the machine bodily and to render it difficult, and sometimes impossible, to restore the balance of osaaeo the machine. By arranging the planes as herein described, however, a portion of the air current will, under the conditions mentioned, escape between the planes of each pair and thus minimize the undesirable effect of the wind.

the planes of each pair being extended in opposite directions.

3. An aeroplane having front and rear pairs of upper and lower sustaining planes, the planes of each pair being extended in opposite directions, the upper plane of each pair being atthe same side as the lower plane of the other pair.

4. An aeroplane including a frame, and front and rear pairs of upper and lower sustaining planes secured to the frame, the planes of each pair being extended in opposite directions and lapping at their inner ends.

5. An aeroplane including a frame. and front and rear pairs of upper and lower sustaining planes secured to the frame, the planes of each pair being extended in opposite directions and lapping at their inner ends, the upper plane of each pair being at the same side of the frame as the lower plane of the other pair.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

DICKRAN G. TERZIAN.

Witnesses:

SELINA WILLSON, MONROE E. MILLER. 

